Jail-locking mechanism



June 16, 1925.

J. ALLENSON JAIL LOCKING MECHANISM Fil ed June 14.

'7 Sheets-Sheet 1 June 16,1925.

J. ALLENSON JAIL LOCKING MECHANISM Filed June 14 1922 7 Sheets-Sheet 2fiwawfor:

J06 /4//enso/7 his #270,796.

June 16. 1925. 1,542,205

J. ALLENSON JAIL LOCKING MECHANISM Filed June 14 1922 '7 Sheets-Sheet 54 A ////0 07 VIII-3 iv m 1 69 I June 16, 1925.

J. ALLENSON JAIL LOCKING MECHANISM & HM y ,m w w Z 4 m a 5 /62 m m 7 9 3l a a /V6 6 4 M L MwMM 3 June 16, 1925. 1,542,205 J. ALLENSON I JAILLOCKING MECHANISM June 16, 1925.

J. ALLENSON JAIL LOCKING MECHANISM Filed June 14. 1922 7 Sheets-Sheet 72 1 1 m, V 3 E L w A... fie w w u Patented June 16, 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFlCE.

JOHN ALLENSON, OF ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA, ASSIGNOR TO ST. PAUL FOUNDRYCOMPANY, A CORPORATION OF MINNESOTA.

JAILLOCKING MECHANISM.

Application filed June 1-1, 1922. Serial No. 568,148.

To (17/ HIHJI)! it may concern:

Be it known that I, JoiiN \LLrNsoN. ot' the ritv of F t. Paul, county ofRamsey, and t tate of Minnesota, have invented a new and usetnlimprovement in Jail-Locking Mechip nism. ot which the following is aspecitication.

My invention relates to locking; mechm n nis tor jails and has for itsobject to pro (Hi6 a locking inecl'lanisin in conjunction eith theordinary key controlled lock for each door b means of which the doors ofthe iail new be simultaneously locked by a de vice so that none ot thedoors can be opened bv the key tvllltl'OllOtl looks.

I A still tnrther object to provide a de rice tor locking the doors in ahalt-locked 'iosition in which all of the doors are arnion it lockedltzil can be individually unlocked 5h, .u cans ot' the ke v and keycontrolled lot-l1. inot'her object is to provide means for permitting adoor which is open when the. lot-kin; mechanism is in the halt'dockedposition to snap back into closing position. 1 thither object is toprovide means for rerentiin;- the doors when the locking tl ttlillllllll is in the aforementioned position tron; being further opened in theevent that anv of said doors may have been partially opened by the keycontrolled lock.

3 still t'izrther object is to provide means v herebv the lockingmechanism for simultrifle-i) locking the doors may be held intilul'ntt've so that all of the doors may be iundtanconsly opened or sothat an v par lll'lll r door may be closed and held locked oi tileindividual key and kev controlled li t k provided therefor.

nother object is to provide individual latch bars for each door forlocking the same that to further provide individual fluid open atodmeans For each door for forcing said latch bars into locking position orfor holding: the same nnlatched as required.

.\nother object is to provide independent tlnid operated members torraising am lowering said latch bars so that the same may lie held trommovement in either direction when the doors are in dead locked position.

.l ohje-rt ot' the invention is to provide a ratchet bar in connectionwith each door and to employ a pair of pawls adapted to engage saidratchet bar to prevent the door from being opened, one of said pawlsbeing adapted to be disengaged when the locking mechanism is adapted tobe positioned in each locking position and the other being; adapted tobe engaged when the lockin mechanism is wide open.

A. still further object is to provide a pair of :"Ylil'ltlis withpistons therein for each jail door. one of said pistons being adapted toraise the lat-ch bar into halt open position and the other of saidpistons being adapted to further wise the latch bar into wide openposition Another object is to provide three pipe lines. one connectedwith all of said cylinders above the pistons thereof adapted to torceall oi said pistons downwardly and to hold the. latching mechanism indead locked posi' tion. the other connected with the lower portion ofsaid cylinders used in moving the latch har to the halt locked positionand the rest of said lines l'ieing connected with remaining cvlindersused for lifting the latch oar into wide open position.

Another object is to provide a pump and a valve chamber connectedtherewith and an exhaust reservoir and a valve chamber conneeted withthe same, both of said chambers connecting through valves vith said pipelinct id valves being manually operable to control the tlow ot' thiidunder nessure into the pipes or to periuh the exhaust ot the same atwill so as to bring the latchim: mechanism of the doors into deadlocked. halt open. and wide open positions as reuired.

tnother object consists in providing an arm through which the shaftloads of said tiuid operating means are adapted to extend and to provideon said piston stops adapted to be engaged b the arm to cause said latchbars to take the required positions.

A. still further object is to provide engaging members connected withsaid fluid oper ating device tor releasing the pawls associat. d withsaid latch bars.

'lhe i'nll objects and advantages of my invention will appear inconnection with the detailed description thereoi and are particularlypointed out in the claims.

In the drawings illustrating the application of my invention in one formFig. 1 is a diagrammatic view showing the installation of my invention.

Fig. is a front elevational view of a number of cells of a jailincluding the doors connected therewith, showing my im'cntion ap' pliedthereto.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 drawn to a larger scale showingoperating mechanism associated with my invention in which the latchingmechanism is in dead locked position.

Fig. 4 is a view ing the latching position.

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Figure 4 showing the latching mechanism inwide open position and the door partly Fig. 6 is a sectional view takenon line 6-6 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view take-i on line. T of Figure 3.

Fig. 8 is a sectional view ot the fluid operating mechanism taken online 88 of Figure 5. and drawn to a larger scale.

Fig. 9 is a sectional view similar to Figure 8 taken on line 9--9 ofFigure 5.

Fig. 10 is a plan view of the roaster con trolling mechanism of myinvention.

Fig. 11 is a front elevational view of the structure shown in Figure 10.

Fig. 12 is an end View of the device shown in Figures 10 and 11.

Fig. 13 is a sectional view of the master controlling mechanism taken online lf'l lfl of Figure 10.

In Figure 1. I have shown the entire sys tem used in connection with ajail having a number of cells each with individual doors. For each celldoor I provide an operating' unit A which is connected in multiple withthree pipe lines Q0, 21. and 22 which pipe lines connect at one end witha master valte indicated at B and are dead-ended at their other endindicated at The master valve P is connected lrv means of a pipe 24-. toa pressure regulating device C which consists of a cylinder 25 having aplunger 96 rnovahly mounted within the sai'i'ie. which plunger adaptedto receive a numloer of weights Q? at the upper end ot the same.Pressure regulator C is connected hv a pipe 98 to a pump D which may hea reci 'nocating or gear pump as desired. A. pipe 29 connects pump Dwith a reservoir 30 in which the fluid for ODCYtltiRQ' the systemstored. The master valve P is further connected hv means of a pipe 31 toan overflow tank E which again is connected by a pipe 32 to thereservoir 30. The operation of the system is follows.

similar to Figure 3 showmechanism in half-open lVhen the pump is set inaction fluid from receiver D is pumped through the same and into thecylinder 25 of pressure regulator C. A check valve 33 interposed in thepipe 29 serves to prevent the fluid from hacking up again into the saidreservoir. As the pump l) continues to operate the fluid forced throughthe pipe 24 and into the master valve pressure counter and bymanipulation ot' this valve the fluid may be caused to travel throughany of the pipe lines 20, 21, and \Vith the proper n'ianipulation of themaster valve ii the fluid pressure within pipes 20, 21. and 22 may bevaried to cause the latching mechanism A. to move the latch bars of thecell doors into a wide open, halfopen. or dead locked position asdesired. lVhen the master valve B is operated so as to shift theposition of the latching bars the pressure of fluid within the variouspipes Q0, 21. and is altered to cause the various devices A to properlyfunction. At times the pressure within the same is reduced permittingthe t'iuid within the pipes to pass hack again into the master valve l3.From here the fluid is conducted through pipe 31 into the over-flow tankE where when the fluid reaches the depth required in the tank it passesthrough the pipe 32 and into the reservoir 3t). This over-flow tankserves to provide sutficient hack pressure on the exhaust side of thesystem so that a normallv closed system is provided in which the fluidtravels hack and forth through the pipes 20. Q! and 92 as the pressurewithin the same is altered. as controlled by valve B. In theinstallation of the system all of the air is excludwl therefrom so thatby means of the over-flow tank F the system is kept constantly tilledthroughout. with the operating fluid.

In Figure 2, I have shown the installation of the operating units A to ajail having a numher of cells 34. 35, and 36. Each of these cells isprovided with a fixed front 3*? and a movable door 37 which is adaptedto slide by the fixed front 38 to provide an entrance into each cell.Sections through the entrance and pilaster adjacent the same shown inFigures 6 and 7 show the manner of supporting the doors. At the junctureof each of the walls L1 separating the cells I provide a pilaster 40which supports two sealing structures 42 ot the pawl. At the forwardportion of the said pilaster the same is provided with a casing F whichhas two side walls 44 extending u 'iwardly from the floor to the ceilingand a rear wall 45 connected to the same. A removable cover adapted toclose the front of the casing F and to conceal the contents of the samei'rom the exterior. It will be noted that the hack 53 extends a portionof the distance from the floor to the ceiling. Above this in :k Iprovide a second casing G which is longitudinally positioned and whichruns along the ceiling connecting with all of the casings F throughoutthe entire series of cells. This casing consists of a back 47 and a top48 which are connected together by means of an angle 49 runningthroughout the entire length of the structure. The casing G, asillustrated in Figure 6, is of a greater depth than the casing F. Anangle 50, secured to the lower portion of the back 47, extends up to theback and is connected thereto by means of another angle 51 which simplyserves for the purpose of attaching these parts together and is of alength equal to the width of the said back 45 '1 only. The angle 50, onthe other hand, ex-

together with a filler strip 56 is attached to an angle supported on themember 48 of casing G. This provides a recess in which the upper portionof the plate or cover 52 may be supported to hold the same in place. Aguard 57 attached to the lower portion of plate 52 serves to protect theopening between the lip 53 and the angle 50 when the door is in place.The front 38 is positioned within the opening afforded between the sides44 of the pilaster F and between the angle 50 and the floor of the jailand is provided with a strip 59 which extends completely around the samebeing attached thereto, while the strip is secured to the angle 50 andthe sides 44 previously referred to. The front 38 is set back towardsthe inner surface of the jail whereas the door 37 is positioned in frontof the same so that the said door may slide in front of the frontportion 38 when the cell is open. In a similar manner door 37 isprovided with a strip 60 which extends $t' 'ompletely around the same.This strip, however, is of a thickness somewhat less than the strip 59so that the door 37 is movable within the door frame provided therefor.On the top of the strip 60 I provide an angle 61 which is substantiallyof the width of the door and which is positioned upon the same as shownin Figure 7. To the upper portions of the angles 61 on each of the doors37, I attach by means of stub bolts 62, pulleys or sheaves 63. Thesesheaves are adapted to ride upon a half-round track 64 positioned on andattached to the extreme edge of the outlying flange of angle 50. Bymeans of this structure the doors 37 may be rolled into closed or openposition as desired.

For locking the doors 37 when in their closed position the same areprovided with three latch lugs 65, 66, and 67 which are adapted to besimultaneously engaged for latching by a single vertically operablelatch bar 68. This bar is held in sliding position against the wall 44which forms a jam for the opening of the door 37 by means of a number ofbolts 69 which pass through slotted holes in said bar not shown in thedrawings, and are secured to the said Walls 44. In addition to the saidlatch bar for engaging the lugs 65, 66, and 67, I provide an ordinarykey controlled lock 269 which is provided with a latch member 70 andwhich is adapted to be operated through two key-holes 71 and 72.ordinary construction such as are now used in jails has not beendescribed in detail, but is of such a type that when the latch bar 68 isin half-locked position and the key inserted in key hole 71 latch member70 together with the latch bar 68 may be simultaneously raised to permitany individual door for any particular cell to be independently opened.

At the top of the latch bar 68, I attach a bracketed casting 73 withwhich the operating unit A is connected. The coir struction of this unitcan best be seen in Figures 3, 4, 5, 8 and 9. A casting 74 is providedwhich is formed with two vertically positioned cylindrical bores 75 and76. The cylinders thus formed are closed at the top by means of cylinderheads 77 formed integral with the casting 74. Within the cylinders 75and 76 is placed a sleeve 7 8 which extends the length of the cylinderreaching to the top of the same. Movable within sleeves 78 are twopistons 79 and 80 which are attached to piston rods 81 and 82. Each ofthese pistons comprises a sleeve 83 which is positioned upon a reducedend 84 formed on the piston rods 81 and 82 and rests upon the shoulderformn' thereby. Upon the sleeve 83 is positioned two leather plungermembers 86 and 87 which are separated from one another by a plate 88.The washer 89, lock washer 90 and the nut 91, secured to the reducedportion 84 of the said pistons serve to hold the plunger memhere 86 and87 in place to form a fluid tight piston or plunger for reciprocation ineither direction. The lower portions of the cylinders 75 and 76 areclosed by single cast ing 92 which is provided with stalling boxes 93through which the said piston rods 81 and 82 extend. By means of packingsleeves 94- positioned within the stufiing boxes 93 the said piston rodsform a fluid tight joint so that pressure may be applied to either sideof the said iston within the respective This lock being of pipes extendthrough the transom space formed within the'casing G and are clearlyshown 'in Figure 2, and pass through the partitions 44 connecting withthe various 'operating units A asindicated, communicating therewiththrough the passageways 95, 96and 97. Alongthe upper portion of each ofthe cylinders .75 and 76'th'e same isrprovided with an annularpassageway 98 extendingcompletely around thesa-me which communicatesthrough a port 99 with .thepassageway 95. By this means the space abovepistons 79 and 80 in bothof the cylinders 75 ancl'76'is connected to:the pipeline 20. 'In a similar manner the lower portion of the cylinder-75 below -the -piston .80 is connected by a 2 port 100 to thepassageway 97. J11 this case, however, only the one cylinder isconnected to this port so that the pipe :line 22 wliieh communicatestherewith --co1nmunieates only with the lower portion .of thecylinder 75. Passageway 96 as clearly shown in Figure 9 communicates by means of aport 101 and a recess 102 formed in the side of the cylinder wallcxtendsbelow: the piston 79 so that the same is independently connected with;passageway 96 and .pipe. line 21 similar-to the other cylinders. Bythis means it will be noted that by regulating the pressure of the fluidwithin the various pipe lines 20,21 and 22 that both pistons may besimultaneously forced down or that either piston may be independentlyraised up.

The manner of connecting the, piston rods 81 and 82 with the latchingmechanism of the jail doors can best be seen in Figures 3, 4 and 5. Thebracket 73 is previously referred to for operating the latch bars 68 isattached to thesame bymeans of bolts 103. This bracket has ahorizontal-arm extending outwardly therefrom which is positioned inthe'plane ofthe piston rods 81 and 82 of the operating mechanism A. Theunderside of the arm 104 is-provided with-two bosses 105 and 106through'which the said piston rods 81 and 82:are-adapted to freely pass.These bosses-areconneeted by a web 107 formed integral with the bracket73. As is best visible in Figure 4, piston rod-82 is threaded for thegreater portion of its length so that the threaded portion thereofextends above the-arm 104 of bracket 73. Piston rod 81, on the otherhand, is simply threaded at its lower end. Above bracket 104, I provideon piston rod 82 a-nut 108 and a'lock'nut 109. Below the said bracket Iprovide another nut 110 and sleek nut 111. In a similar manner I provideanother nut 112 and alock113 upon the end of the piston rod 81 below theboss 105. Theoperation of the-device is as follows.

Nut 110 is adjusted so that'when piston 80 is in its uppermost positionwith the extreme and 2114 iniengagement with its cyl inder .headathat'theJateh bar 68 is raised into the :halt-locked-gposition .as shown .inFigurelin which theilatch notch in the said latzh halr,which'Ihave-shoWn at 115, is half way out of tlhe-notoh 116 in any ofthe latch lugs 65,,66, or-67. In thispositionthemut 108 is suflieientlyJabovethe topof theiarm 104 so-that-the said annmay be raisedindependently of piston 80 .into a position suchas showniin-Figureo,whichis a'wide open ,position of .the locking mechanism. For(accomplishingdhis result the nut 112 inthe endof the,piston 81.isadjustedso that when the piston 9 is in its uppermost position the upperend 117-of thesaidpiston'rod 81.is inrengageinent with thecylinderheadthe-nut 1'12 isin engagement with the underside ofithe boss115 with the latch bar raised sufliciently so that the latch lugs 65,66, -and '67 may pass through. the respective-openings .115 in theilatchbar 68. This bossis SllOWlLlll Eigure-oin whiehthe door 37 is.shownasbeing,partly ajaiy latch lug havingjust passed through'theopening 115 -in the said latch- .har .68. then it is desired to have thelatchf'loar :68 in deadlocked position so-that all .of the cells aresimultaneously locked both of the pistons 79iand areforceddownwardly asshown in Figuie 3 withshoulders 118 formed on the undersideiof-thesleeves 83 in engagw ment with-the upper surface of the cylinderheadorplate 9 2.. lnithis position the latch bar 68 istarnanged with thenotch 115' in full engagement withthe notch 116 in the latchulug 65..Inia ddition ithenut .I12on piston .rod181 1engages .the underside ofthe boss 105. On -.the o t*her hand. nut 110 is free from the other sideof boss 106 while the nut:108 engages the upper surface of the-arm 104holdingthesame downwardly. IIlilZlllS position it can readily beseenthat bracket'73 and'latchbar (68 are held from movementtin eitherdirection as long as the pistons are .both held downwardly sothat-theihtehbar 68 cannot bemoved to open or closeothe cells by keycontrolled means.

Forsiinultaneously controlling theoperat-ion of all the lockingmechanisms I providetheim aster -valve B indioated in Figure 1, .whichis clearly shownin .detail in Figures .10, 11, 12, and 13. This devicecomprises :a casing 119 which consists of a base 120, anjntermediatesection-1 21, and ahead 123, Thesessections are all bolted togetherwithb0lts12 l to .form a complete structure. Within the-section121 Iform six valve chambers 125, .126, 127, 128, 129, and 130 whichare shownin detail in Figure 13. Anexhaust chamber 131 is formed in the 'head 123which communicates through ports 132 withthree valve chamber's 125,126,and127. In a similar-manuer a pressure chamber 133 is provided in thebase 120 which directly communicates with the valve chambers 128, 129and 139. The pressure line 24 previously referred to is directlyconnected with the chamber 133 in the pipe 31 and the exhaust line 31connected with the chamber 131 so that a constant pressure can bemaintained within either of these chambers. At the upper ends of thevalve chambers 125, 126, and 127 in section 121, I form valve seats 134against which are adapted to be seated valves 135, 136, and 137, whichare formed with valve heads 138 and valve stems 139 adapted to passthrough suitable stufling boxes 140 formed on the upper portion of thehead 123. A number of coil spring 141 positioned below the valve heads13:1 are adapted to become seated in a number of plugs 142 screwed intothe base 120 im mediately below the respective valve chambers 125, 126,and 127. lVith this construction it can readily be seen that respectivevalves 135, 136, and 137 are adapted to be held seated so as to closecommunication from the valve chambers 125, 126, and 127 and the exhaustchamber 131. In a similar manner the lower portions of the valvechambers 128130 in section 121 are formed with valve seats 143 which areadapted to be closed by valves 144, 145, and 146 having valve stems 139and valve heads 138 similar to valves 135137. These valve stems alsopass through suitable stuffing boxes 147 and secured to the upperportion of the head 123, and are held seated by means of springs 141,which as in the case of the other valves, are held in place by means ofthe plugs 142 at the lower portion of the base 120. lVith these threevalves communication is cut off between the valve chambers 128 130 andthe pressure chamber 133.

To the rear of the section 121, I provide a port casing 148 to which thepipe lines 29. 21. and 22 shown in Figure 1 are connected. lVithin saidcasing I provide three ports 159, 151, and 152 which directly connectthe valve chambers 128, 129, and 136 with the pipes 20, 22 and 21respectively. In addition I provide three ports 153, 154 and 155 whichconnect the three valve chambers 125. 126 and 127 with the ports 152.151, and 150 respectively so that the pipe line 20 is directly connectedwith valve chamber 127 and 128. pipe line 22 with valve chambers 126 and129 and the pipe line 21 with valve chamber 125 and valve chamber 139.The ports are so arranged that the same. when closing. pass be low eachother so that communication is provided only as described. lVith thisconstruction it can readily be seen that by depressing the valve stems139 of any of the valves 135, 136, 137, 144, 145, and 146 that any ofthe three pipe lines 20, 21, and 22 may be independently placed underpressure or exhaust as required.

For manipulating the various valves of the master valve 1 provide threeoperating levers 156, 157 and 158. Lever 156 is securely attached by apin 165 to a shaft 159 journalled in a bracket 160 having two bearings161 and 162 best shown in Figures 10 and 12. Lever 157 is formed with aforked portion having arms 163 and 164 which are journalled foroscillation upon the shaft 159. Lever 158 is similarly formed with arms166 and 167 which pass below the arms 163 and 164 of lever 157 and arefirmly journalled upon shaft 159, said levers and arms mounted thereonare so arranged that the same may be independently operated as required.Upon the lever 156 I provide two ears 168 and 169 which are positioneddi rectly over the upper ends of valve stems 139 of valves 135 and 136.These ears opcrate to simultaneously depress both of the valves 135 and136 when the said lever 156 is operated. In addition to the lever 156 anarm 170 is provided which is rigidly secured to shafts 159 by a pin 171.This arm protrudes over the end of valve stem 139 of the valve 144 andoperates together with the lever 156 so that when the said lever isdepressed all of the valves 135, 136, and 144 are simultaneously openedwhich places both of the pipe lines 22 and 21 in direct communicationwith the exhaust line 31 and the pipe line 20 in communication with thepressure line 24.

It will be noted in Figure 13 that the valve stem 139 of valve 137 ismade somewhat longer than the stems of the valves 135 and 136. It canfurther be seen in Figure 12 that the arm 163 is somewhat elevated abovethe arm 166. This valve stem passes loosely through the arm 166 andextends upwardly beneath the arm 163 where the same may be engaged by alever 157. Immediately below lever 166, I rigidly attach a collar 172 tothe valve stem 139 of the valve 137 which collar is adapted to beengaged by the arm 166 when the lever 158 is depressed. In this mannerthe valve 137 may be independently depressed by either of the levers 157or 158. In a similar manner valve stem 139 of valve 145 extends throughthe arm 167 of lever 158 and engages an ear 173 issu ing outwardly fromarm 164. A collar 174 attached to the valve stem 139 of valve 145operates in a similar manner with the collar 172 so that the valve 145may be operated by depressing either of the levers 157 or 158. Inaddition to the operation of valves 137 and 145 lever 158 isadapted tooperate valve 139 by means of an car 175 issuing outwardly therefrom. Itcan readily be seen that when lever 157 is depressed both of the valves137 and 145 are opened placing pipe line 20 in communication with theexhaust chamber and pipe line in communication with the pressurechamber. Similarly when lever 158 is depressed valves 137 and 145 and146 are'simultaneously operated placing both pipe lines 21 and incommunication with the pressure chamber and pipe line 20 incommunication with the exhaust chamber.

The operation of the master valve with the controlling of the locking ofthe jail doors is as follows. hen lever 156 is depressed both of thepipe lines :21 and :22 are placed in communication with the exhaust lineof the system and the pipe line 21) placed in communication with thepressure line. By examining Figures 8 and t) it can readily becomprehended that the upper portions of the cylinders 75 and 76 areplaced under pressure and the lower portions thereof placed underexhaust. This has the of "feet of causing both of the piston rods 81 and82 to travel downwardly the Full extent and to remain in this position.lvhcn the pistons are in these positions the parts become so arranged asshown in Figure 3 in which nut 108 engages the upper portion of thebracket 73 to hold the same in a downward position with the latch bar 68securely latched in the latch lugs 65. 66, and (37. As long as thepressure is on piston 80 within cylinder T latch bar (38 is held latchedand the raising of the same pre vented. At the same time when the pressure is on the top of piston T9 in cylinder 76 the sleeve 83 on pistonrod engages the piston head 92 and thereby prevents further downvardmovement of the latch bar 68. It can readily be comprehended that all ofthe latching mechanism on all of the jail doors are in a deadlockedposition in which opening of anv of the jail doors is absolutelyprevented wi hout the niani 'nila tion of the master valve.

hen lever is depressed the pipe line 22 is placed in communication withthe pressure line 24 and the pipe line is placed in communication withthe exhaust. An inspection of Figure 8 discloses that in this positionpiston is caused to be eleated as indicated in the said figure while thepiston 79 remains in its lowermost position. This has the effect ofraising the bracket 73 and the latch bar 68 attached theretosntliciently so that the said latch portion 115 is partly raised fromthe notch 116 and the latch lugs 65. 66. and 67. so that the structureis in a halt-locked position. The arrangement 01 the parts when thelatching mechanism is in halt-locked position is clearly shown in Figure4- in which piston 80 is at the upper end of its stroke and the piston79 remains at the lower end of its stroke. It can clearly be seen thatboss is moved upwardly away from nut 112 and that the nut is engaged inthe underside of boss 106 to raise the latch bar 68 the required amount.\Vhen the locking mechanism is in half-locked position the cells remainlocked the same as in the dead-locked position excepting that by meansof the key placed in the key hole 71 the latching member 70 may beraised to further raise the latch bar 68 so that the cell door for theparticular cell may be independently opened. In this manner anyindividual cell may be opened by the individual key so that any certainprisoner may be first removed from his cell before allowing all of theremaining prisoners to be taken out.

hen the lever 15% is depressed both ot' the pipe lines 22 and 21v areplaced in com-- munication with pressure line and pipe line 20 incommunication with the exhaust. This places both of the pistons 79 and80 under pressure and simultaneously exhausts the cylinders above thesame, permitting both of the pistons to take their uppermost positionsas shown in Fig. \Vhen the lever 58 depressed with the latchingmechanism in halt-open position piston 80 remains substantially in itsuppermost posh tion while piston 75) travels upwardly. .\s soon as thenut 112 engages the underside of boss 1135 latch bar 68 is raised the Ftipiired amount so that the openings 11. therein. permits the latchinglugs (55. Oil. and 37 t pass out therethrough and the doors t thevarious cells to he sin'i ltanconslv or n "li idually opened desired.'1' n lever is operated while the locking n echa 12 is in dead-lockedposi pistons and Til are b. h ca ised to simultaneously move i'iwai'dly. In so niovinn; b "acket T is moved. upwardly together w iththe p ston rode t and 2 until the end 117 o t piston rod 21 engages theinterior ol' the rylinder head. This termii'iates the move ment of thelatch bar 3 and from then on pieton 5 11 continues to raise until thesame stopped by the end i ot' piston rod 2. which simply muses the nut.108 to he raised above the arm 104 of bracket. 7 to the posi tion shownin Figure \Yith the proper manipulation oi levers 1.1a. 1:77. and 15% itcan readily be seen that the locking inechzv nism of all oi the cel smay he, simultancous ly placed under a dead-locked. hall open. or fullyopened. position to permit the removal of the prisoners, from the cellsin a marine as described.

To prevent depress on o more than one of the levers 150, 1.37, and 15.8at one t me I provide a device best shown in l igures 11 and 12. Alongthe upper portion of the head 1:23 1 provide a bracket 176 which isformed with a longitudinal seat 177 and a flange 1T8 positioned alongthe same immediately back of the seat 177. Along the tion then the screw205. This finger engages a lug 206 formed on pawl 195 so that when thebracket 73 is raised the pawl 195 is also disengaged from action fromthe latch bar 189.

The operation of this device is as follows. \Vhen the device is indead-locked position as shown in Figure 3 both of the pawls 194 and 195are in engagen'ient with latch bar 189 so that the opening of the celldoors is absolutely prevented even if the same should have been leftslightly ajar when the locking mechanism is set in its dead-lockedposition. hen the locking mechanism is moved to half-locked positionpawl 194 is raised as shown in Figure 4 while the pawl 195 still holdsthe doors from being opened. If it is desired to conduct the prisonersfrom any individual cell a key for the same may be manipulated to raisethe latch bar 68 as previously described, which causes fingers 203 toengage 206 and to disengage pawl 195 from engage ment with the latch bar189. \Vhen this has been accomplished the particular cell door inquestion may be opened. 'hen the de vice is moved to full open positionas shown in Figure 5 both of the pawls ltl l and 195 are raised fromengagement with the latch bar 189 permitting the door to be freelyopened.

The advantages of my invention are manifest. A device is produced whichcan readily be used with extensive systems of jails where there are agreat number of cells. Due to the fact that the locking mechanism isfluid actuated the friction encountered is not sutticient to effect thepositive action of the locking mechanisms. The same can also be used togreat advantage in circular or curved cells where mechanizal latching orlocking mechanisms would be impractical. The entire system is continuousso that should any leakage of the fluid occur the same passes throughthe exhaust portion of the apparatus and returns to the pump where it isagain circulated as required. In this manner the system can be left inany of its positions for as long a period of time as required withoutbecoming inoperative or losing any of its effectiveness to hold thelocking parts in the desired positions. In the dead-locked. position thelatch bars are all held from movement in either direction by the twopistons .so that the doors are absolutely held locked. In addition thetwo pawls operating upon the latch bar controlling the further openingof the doors pre vent the same from being opened in case the said doorsshould be left ajar when the locking mechanism is closed irregardless ofwhether the locking mechanism is set in dead-lock or half-open position.

In accordance with the patent statutes I have described the principlesof operation of my invention, together with the apparatus which I nowconsider to represent the best embodiment thereof, but I desire to haveit understood that the construction shown is only illustrative and thatthe invention can be carried out by other means and applied to usesother than those above set forth within the scope of the followingclaims.

I claim 1. A locking device for jails comprisii'ig a latch bar, abracket secured thereto, means engaging said bracket for raising saidlatching bar and individual means for engaging said bracket for loweringsaid latch bar.

2. A locking device for jails comprising a latch bar, means cooperatingwith said latch bar for raising the same, and independent meanscooperating with said latch bar for lowering the same.

3. A locking device for jails comprising a latch bar, fluid operatedmeans cooperating with said latch bar for raising the same, andindependent fluid operated means cooperating with said latch bar forlowering the same.

t. A locking device for jails comprising a latch bar. a member connectedthereto, a pair of cylinders. pistons movable within said cylinders. andmeans connected with said pistons and cooperating with said memher forraising and lowering said latch bar.

5. it locking device for jails comprising a latch bar. a memberconnected thereto, a pair of cylinders, pistons movable within saidcylinders, piston rods secured to said pistons and cooperating with saidmember, engaging members formed on said piston rods engaging said memberto raise and lower the latch bar.

6. A locking device for jails comprising a latch bar, a member securedthereto, a pair of cylinders, pistons within said cylindcrs, piston rodsconnected to said pistons and passing through said members. and stopsformed on said piston rods for engaging said member to cause the latchbar to be raised and lowered.

7. A locking device for jails comprising a latch bar, a member securedthereto, fluid operated means for raising said latch bar into halflockedposition. and independent fluid operated means for further raising saidmember and latch bar into wide open position.

8. A locking device for jails comprising a latch bar, a member securedthereto. fluid operated means engaging said member for raising saidlatch bar into half-locked posi tion. said member being free to beraised farther, independent fluid operated means for further raisingsaid member and latch bar into wide open position. and means associatedwith said second fluid operated means for forcibly holding said memberand latch bar in dead-locked position.

Ev locking den-1c for jails comprising a latch h a pair oi cylindershaving pistons therein for operating said latch bar. means forsimultaucously forcing both ot said p stons downwardly in the cylindersand independent means for selectively raising either of said pistonswithin the cyl-- inders.

10. A locking device for jails comprising a latch bar, a pair ofcylinders having pistons therein for operating said latch bar, a pipeline connecting both of the chambers of said cylinders above saidpistons, a pipe line connecting one 01 the chambers within one of saidcylinders below the piston, and another pipe line connecting the otherof said chambers within said cylinders below the piston and means forselectively placing said pipe lines under pressure or exhaust.

11. A locking device or jails comprising a latch mechanism, tluidoperated means for operating the same, a plurality of pipe linesconnected with said fluid operating means, a master control valveconnected with said pipe lines, pressure and exhaust chambers formedwithin said master control valve, pairs of valve chambers leading fromboth said exhaust and pressure chambers to each of said pipe lines,valves within said valve chambers, and means for selectively andcombinedly operating said valves to cause said fluid operated means toactuate the locking mechanism.

12. A locking (1 vice tor jails comprising a latching mechanism, fluidoperated lIlOlllanism connected therewith, pipe lines connected withsaid fluid operating mechanism, a master controi valve connected withsaid pipe lines, a plurality of valve chambers formed within said mastercontrol valve. pressure and exhaust chambers formed within said mastercontrol valve communicating with said valve chambers, valves positionedwithin said valve chambers having valve stems extending through themaster control valve and levers connected to said master control valvefor simultaneously depressing several of said valve stems to cause thefluid operated mechanism to operate the locking device.

.3. A locking device for jails comprising a latching mechanism, fluidoperated mechanism therefor, pipe lines connected with said fluidoperated mechanism, a master valve connected with said pipe lines, saidmaster valve having a plurality of valve chambers arranged in alignmentand connected with said pipe lines, valves positioned in said valvechambers having valve stems extending therethrough outwardly beyond saidmaster control valve, pressure and exhaust chambers connected with saidvalve chambers, a rocking baattached to said master control valze,levers psv ted to said rocking ha: adapted to s nnzlta ieously enanumber oi' said valve stems to operate the valve, said levers beingindependently movable.

ll. A locking device tor jails compris ing' a latching mc-hanism, lluidoperated mechanism thereior, pipe lines connected with said fluidoperated mechanism, a master valve connected with said pipe lines, saidmister valve having a plurality of valve chambers arranged in aligmnentand con nected with said pipe lines, valves positioned in said valvechambers having valve stems extending therethrough outwardly beyond saidmaster control valve, pressure and exhaust ihambers connected with saidvalve chambers, a rocking bar attached to said master control valve,levers pivoted to said rocking bar adapted to simultaneously engage anumber 01 said valve stems to 0pcr ate the valve, said l vers beingindependently movable and means formed on some of said valve stemswhereby the same valves may be independently operated by two lovers.

15. In combination with a locking mechanism of a jail, a master controlvalve comprising a base, an intermediate section and a top section, aplurality of valve chambers arranged in alignment in said intermediatesection, a pressure chamber positioned in said base and communicatingwith some of said valve chambers, an exhaust tllilHlbQI positioned insaid top section communicating with the others of said valve chambers,valves arranged within said valve chambers having valve stems extendingupwardly through the top section, and means for selectively operatingsaid valve stems.

16. In combination with a locking mechanism of a jail, a master controlvalve comprising a base, an intermediate section and a top section, aplurality of valve chambers arranged in alignment in said intermediatesection, a pressure chamber positioned in said base and communicatingwith some of said valve chambers, an exhaust chamber positioned in saidtop section communicating with the others of said valve chambers, valvesarranged within said valve chamber having valve stems extending upwardlythrough the top section, a rocking bar pivoted to said top section, aplurality of levers connected with said rocking bar and extending oversaid valve stems and ears formed in said levers for operating said valvestems.

17. A locking mechanism for jails comprising a latch bar, a membersecured to said latch bar, a cylinder having a piston therein, a pistonrod attached to said cylinder and adapted to engage said member to raisethe latch bar in half-locked position, a

second cylinder having a piston therein, a piston rod secured thereto,means on said second piston for further raising said latch bar into wideopen position, means on said second rod for holding the latch bar indead-locked position, a pipe line connecting the upper portions of bothof said ylinders, a second pipe line conne the upper portions ot both ofsaid cylinders for raisii r the latching mechanism in half-lockedposition, a third pipe line connecting the lower portion of a cylinderfor raising the latch ing mechanism in wide open position, and a mastervalve having pressure and exhaust chambers, a plurality of v alvciiambers connected with said exhaust chamber and separately connectedwith said pioe lines, a plurality of valve rhambers connected with saidexhaust chamber and also separately connected with said pipe lines, andmeans for operating said valves to control the flow of fluid throughsaid pipe lines to selectively ause the latching mechanism to assume adead-locked, halt-locked. or wide open position as required.

18. A locking mechanism for jails comprising a latch bar, a membersecured to said latch bar, a cylinder having a piston therein, a pistonrod attached to said cylinder and adapted to engage said member to raisethe latch bar in half-locked position, a second cylinder having a pistontherein, a piston rod secured thereto, means on said second piston forfurther raising said latch bar into wide open position, means on saidsecond piston rod for holding latch bar in dead loclred position, a pipeline connecting the upper portions of both of said cylinders, a secondpipe line connecting the lower portion of the cylinders for raising thelatching mechanism in half-locked position, a third pipe line connectingthe lower portion of a cylinder for raising the latching mechanism inwide open position, and a master valve having pressure and exhaustchambers. a plurality of valve chambers connected with said exhaustchamber and separately connected with said pipe lines, a plurality ofvalve chambers connected with said exhaust chamber and also separatelyconnected with said pipe lines, valves \i hin said valve chambers havingvalve stems extending tln'ough said master valve. valve operating meansfor multancously depressing the valves for placing the first named pipeline under pressure and exhausting the other two pipe lines to place thelocking mechanism in dead-locked position, valve operating means forsimultaneously depressing the valves to bring the third named pipe lineunder pressure and the'third pipe line under exhaust, to bring thelocking mechanism into halt-locked position and the valve operatingmeans for simultaneously controlling the valves to bring the second orthird pipe line under pressure and the first pipe line under exhaust tocause the locking mechanism to assume a wide open position.

19. In combination with a jail door, a locking device therefor,comprising a latch bar, means for raising said latch bar from dead-lockposition into half-opened or full open position, and means for holdingsaid door from being further opened when said door has been partlyopened and the latching 'iechanism is in halt-locked position.

20. In combination with a jail door, a locking device therefor,comprising a latch bar, means for raising said latch bar from dead-lochposition into half opened or full open position, another latch barconnected with said door, a pair of pawls engaging said latch bar, meansfor disengaging one of said pawls when the latching means is raised intohalf-locked position and means for raising the other of said pawls whenthe latching mechanism is raised to Wide open position.

21. A locking device for jails, comprising a latch bar, a pair of fluidoperated cylinders, means for connecting said cylinders with said latchbar and fluid pressure. means adapted to operate said cylinders,independcntly or collectively, to move said latch bar into half lockedposition, open position and dead lock position 2 A locking device forjails, including means associated with each cell door, adapt ed tooperate the latch bars of each cell, sinlultaneously, said operatingmeans including a pair of cylinders and a source of fluid pressure. inwhich a master control valve is interposed. to direct the fluid pressureto operate the cylinders in pairs, collectively or individnallv. toposition the latch bars into open or dead loclrcilposition, for thepurposes specified.

A locking device for jails, including latch bars tor each cell. a pairof operating cylinders for each latch bar, means for connecting saidcylinder to said bars, and a source of pressure connected with saidcylinders in a manner to held under pressure, said bars into dead lochposition or to operate said pairs of cylinders collectively, or each ofthe pair separate to move said bars into half open or wide openposition.

24. A locking device for jail doors. including a pressure system, havingmeans for retaining a constant pressure, a master 'alve, having an inletport connected with said source of constant pressure, outlet openings insaid master valve, pairs of cylinders, means for connecting saidcylinder with said master valve in a manner to permit the cylinder ofeach pair to be operated in unison and the pairs of cylinders to beoperated simultaneously and to operate one cylinder of each pairseparately of the other cylinder,

but in unison with the same cylinder of each pair, in a manner tooperate the latch bar of a series of cells, into position, to lock orunlock the same.

:25. A jail locking device, including a source of pressure, a mastervalve, a series of pairs of cylinders, means for connecting saidcylinders with said valve, in a manner to maintain a constant pressurein said cylinders, to hold the locking bars of a series of cells, indead locked position or open position under pressure, and to operate oneof each pair of cylinders in a manner to hold the locking bar in halfopen position with the operating cylinder, under the maximum pressure.

26. A jail locking device, including a source of constant pressure, amaster valve, a series of pairs of cylinders, means for connecting saidcylinders through said master valve in a manner to cause the same tomove the locking bars into open position, with maximum pressure in thesaid cylinders, and to hold the locking bars into dead lock position,under the maximum force of said pres sure, by the operation of saidmaster valve.

2?. A locking device for jail cell doors, comprising latch bars, a pairof cylinders for each cell, means for connecting the cylinders to saidlatch bars, a source of constant pressure, a master valve interposedbetween said source of pressure and said cylinder and means adapted toconnect said cylinders to direct the maximum pressure of the source ofsupply, to either side of the pistons in said cylinders, selectively, tohold the pistons of the cylinders, under maximum pressure, intopositions to dead loch, half lock or wide open positions of said latchbars, under the maximum source of said pressure.

A locking device for jails, including a source oi pressure, latch barsfor each of a series of cells, a pair of cylinders for each cell, meansfor connecting said cylinders to said latch bars, means for connectingsaid cylinders to said source of pressure, including a master valveinterposed between the said source of pressure and said cylinders, saidconnecting means including a series of valves in said master valve andoperating means whereby force can be directed from said source ofpressure to either side of the pistons in said cylinders, to operatelatch bars of each of the cells, collectively into open, half open anddead lock position. in a manner to direct maximum pressure of saidsource of supply against the piston of the operating cylinder, to movethe same a complete stroke at each operation, to insure a positivepositioning of the latch bars, at each operation of the cylinder.

29. A locking device for jails, including means for operating the latchbars of a series of cells, said latch bar operating means comprisingapair of cylinders, means for connecting the cylinder pistons to the celllatch bars, means for adjusting the length or" stroke of the pistons, asource of pressure ccnnected with said cylinders, a master valve forcontrolling the pressure to direct the same against either side of thepistons of said cy .ndcrs, to selectively opcrate the pistons of thecylinders in either direction, to operate the latch bars of the cellsand means for bypassing the QXllflllSt from either side of thecylinders, through the operating valve to a reservoir connected with thesource of pressure.

30. A locking device for jail doors, adapt ed to operate the latch bars,including cylinders, means connecting the cylinders with the latch bars,a rack bar connected with each door ol each cell, a pair of operating Ipawls, adapted to engage said latch bar and means for successivelyengaging said pawls to release the same from the rack, separate ly,whereby one of said pawls is adapted to engage with the rack bar whenthe latch bar is in half open position.

31. A locking device for jails, comprising a latch bar, means engagingsaid latch bar adapted to raise the same, said means permitting thelatch bar to travel freely upwardly relative thereto, and a second meansfor raising said latch bar above the upper position to which said latchbar may be raised by said first named means, and means for selectivelyoperating either 01 said raising means.

32. A locking device for jails comprising a latch bar having a memberprotruding therefrom, a pair of rods slidable relative to said member, alug formed on one of said rods on the bottom thereof, adapted to engagesaid men'ilier, a pair of lugs formed on the other of said rods, one oneach side of said member, adapted to engage the same and means forselectively raising and lou ering said rods to cause the latch bar toremain in half lock position, full open or dead lock position.

33. A master valve for jails comprising a casing, having two chamberstherein, a series of valves conmiunicating with one of said chambers, asecond series of valves com municating with the other of said chambers,said valves being arranged in alinement, a series of pipes havingbranches connected to pairs of said valves in each of said chambers andmeans for simultaneously depress ing a number of said valves to controlthe flow of fluid through said pipes.

3st. A master valve comprising a casing, a plurality of valves mountedin alinement along said casing, said valves having valve stemsprotruding therethrough, a shaft positioned rearwardly of said valvestems,

Cir

a pluralit of levers pivoted to said shaft having lugs issuing therefromand adapted to engage said valve stems.

S5. A lnasier valve comprising a casing, a plurality of valves mountedin alinement along said casing, said valves having valve stemsprotruding therethrough, a shaft p0- sitioned rearwardly of said valvestems, a plurality of levers pivoted to said shaft havinglugs issuingtherefrom and adapted to 10 engage said valve stems and means forhelding certain of said levers from movement.

JOHN ALLENSON,

